Quantitative analysis of macular capillaries in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To quantify early changes of macular capillary parameters in type 2 diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS: Retrospective case study. A total of 49 healthy subjects, 52 diabetic patients without retinopathy(noDR)patients, and 43 mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(mNPDR)patients were recruited. Capillary perfusion density, vessel length density(VLD), and average vessel diameter(AVD)were calculated from macular OCTA images(3 mm×3 mm)of the superficial capillary plexus after segmenting large vessels and the deep capillary plexus. Parameters were compared among control subjects, noDR, and mNPDR patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve estimated the abilities of these parameters to detect early changes of retinal microvascular networks.RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the VLD and AVD among the three groups(P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the noDR group had significantly higher AVD(P<0.05). VLD of both layers in patients of mNPDR group was significant decreased compared with that of noDR group(all P<0.01). Deep AVD had a higher area under the curve(AUC)of 0.796 than other parameters to discriminate the noDR group from the healthy group. Deep AVD had the highest AUC of 0.920, followed by that of the deep VLD(AUC=0.899)to discriminate the mNPDR group from the healthy group.CONCLUSIONS: NoDR patients had wider AVD than healthy individuals and longer VLD than mNPDR patients in both layers. When compared with healthy individuals, deep AVD had a stronger ability than other parameters to detect early retinal capillary impairments in noDR patients.

A case of vertical one-and-a-half syndrome caused by unilateral thalamo-mesencephalic infarct / 中华神经科杂志

Vertical one-and-a-half syndrome (VOHS) is a rare ophthalmoplegia syndrome caused by unilateral thalamo-mesencephalic infarct. It is manifested as a conjugate upgaze palsy and a monocular paresis of downward gaze. Recognition of VOHS helps clinical localization. No cases of VOHS with photos or videos of ocular motility have been reported in China. Herein a case of VOHS caused by unilateral thalamo-mesencephalic infarct is reported, in order to improve awareness about the ocular sign.

Cortical Deafness and Tinnitus Following Sequential Bilateral Putaminal Hemorrhage

No abstract available.

A genetic case study of neurofibromatosis type 1-microdeletion syndrome caused by atypical 17q11.2 microdeletion / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To provide appropriate treatment strategy and precise genetic counseling through studying the phenotype and genotype of a patient featuring learning difficulty and abnormal gait.@*METHODS@#Detailed history taking, physical examination and auxiliary examination (including neuropsychological evaluation, brain imaging and skeletal system X ray) were conducted. The patient was also analyzed by whole exome sequencing, G banding karyotyping and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Multiples ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was applied to his parents to determine the origin of genomic variation.@*RESULTS@#In addition to obvious dermatological manifestation (Cafe-au-Lait spots), the patient also had facial abnormalities, ocular disorders, skeletal malformations, neurological manifestations, psychiatric and behavioral abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing and G banding karyotyping were both negative. aCGH has identified a microdeletion at 17q11.2, which encompassed the NF1 and neighboring genes. Neither parents has carried the same microdeletion by MLPA analysis.@*CONCLUSION@#The patient had a de novo 17q11.2 microdeletion, which probably accounted for his neurofibromatosis type 1-microdeletion syndrome phenotype.

Clinical features and prognosis of segmental zoster paralysis of limbs / 中华神经科杂志

Objective@#To describe clinical features and prognosis of segmental zoster paralysis of limbs. @*Methods@#Three patients with segmental zoster paralysis of limbs in Huashan Hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were reported, and a total of 23 patients (including the presenting three patients) until January 2019 in China were summarized. @*Results@#Case 1: A 72-year-old man developed right foot drop three days after herpes zoster in the right lower limb (L4-5,S1). The electrophysiological study showed incomplete common peroneal nerve injury. He was treated with anti-virus drug, mecobalamine and steroids, and achieved a complete recovery after six months. Case 2: A 62-year-old woman developed difficulty raising the right arm one week after herpes zoster in the right shoulder and upper limb (C5-6). The electrophysiological study showed incomplete axillary nerve injury. He was treated with mecobalamine and ginkgo leaf preparation, and achieved an almost full recovery after six months. Case 3: A 86-year-old woman developed left hand weakness two weeks after herpes zoster in the left upper limb, chest and back (C7-8,T1-3). The electrophysiological study was not performed. She was treated with mecobalamine and ginkgo leaf preparation and got achieved an almost full recovery after three months. @*Conclusions@#Segmental zoster paralysis of limbs was most commonly seen in the elders, within weeks after rash eruptions. Focal motor paralysis appeared in the same segment where the skin eruptions occurred, with the upper limbs being more commonly affected than the lower ones. The electrophysiological study usually showed terminal nerve injuries. The prognosis was relatively good and most of the patients achieved functional recovery.

A case of jerky seesaw nystagmus caused by mesencephalic and thalamic infarcts / 中华神经科杂志

Seesaw nystagmus is a rare spontaneous ocular movement,which refers to mixed torsional-vertical nystagmus with conjugate torsional components and the vertical components in the opposite directions.It is divided into the pendular and jerky types,according to the movement features.Seesaw nystagmus has not been reported in China.We herein report a case of jerky seesaw nystagmus caused by mesencephalic and thalamic infarcts,in order to improve awareness about the ocular sign.

Clinical analysis of three cases of ocular flutter-opsoclonus in adults / 中华神经科杂志

Objective Through an analysis of three cases of ocular flutter-opsoclonus in adults and a review of the relevant literature,we summarized its characteritics to improve the clinical awareness of this sign.Methods Three cases of adult-onset ocular flutter-opsoclonus from July 2014 to July 2017 were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinical features,cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis,brain imaging,etiologies and treatment,and followed up through telephone calls.Results Case 1:A 68-year-old man presented with ocular flutter,vertigo,myoclonus,ataxia and conscious disturbance.CSF analysis demonstrated pleocytosis and mildly elevated protein level.Brain MR imaging revealed ischemia,and SPECT showed hypoperfusion involving left frontal and occipital lobes.Paraneoplastic syndrome was considered as the etiology.The symptoms subsided without any specific treatment.He died from lung cancer within one year.Case 2:A 66-year-old man presented with ocular flutter,vertigo,ataxia,conscious disturbance and fever.CSF protein level was severely elevated.Brain MR imaging revealed ischemia.Epstein-Barr virus infection was considered as the etiology.The symptoms improved with the administration of antiviral drugs and steroid.Relapse was not observed in the two-year follow-up.Case 3:A 34-year-old woman presented with opsoclonus,oscillopsia,vertigo,ataxia,conscious disturbance and fever.MR imaging showed midbrain lesions.Viral brainstem encephalitis was considered as the etiology.The symptoms improved with the administration of antiviral drugs,steroid,intravenous immunoglobulin and clonazepam.Relapse was not observed in the two-year follow-up.Conclusions Infection and tumors are common etiologies of ocular flutter-opsoclonus.Treatment includes etiological management for infection or tumors and immunosuppressive therapy.The clinical outcomes vary with the underlying etiologies.

Protective Effect of Different Extraction Samples from Salvia miltiorrhiza Decoction against Acute Myocar-dial Ischemia Model Mice / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the protective effect of different extraction samples from Salvia miltiorrhiza decoction on acute myocardial ischemia model mice. METHODS:96 mice were randomized into blank control group (normal saline),model group(normal saline),positive drug group [Compound Salvia miltiorrhiza tablet,4.6 mg(crude drug)/(kg·d)],high-dose,medi-um-dose and low-dose groups of water extract,supercritical CO2 extract and supercritical CO2 extract+dregs water extract [24,12, 6 mg(crude drug)/(kg·d)],with 8 mice in each group,12 groups in total. They were given medicine intragastrically once a day. On sixth day,30 min after giving drugs,those groups were given isoprenaline 20 mg/kg,ih,to induce myocardial ischemia model except for blank control group,once a day,for consecutive 3 d. Electrocardiogram ST segment variation of mice were observed. The times and duration of buccal respiration were observed after rapid decapitation,and the activities of CK and LDH in serum were determined. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,electrocardiogram ST segment and the activity of CK and LDH increased in model group,while the times and duration of buccal respiration after rapid decapitation reduced(P<0.01);compared with model group,above indicators of medication groups had been improved (P<0.01),and were positively correlated to drug concentration;the indicators of supercritical CO2 extract+dregs water extract group were most close to those of blank control group. CONCLUSIONS:Different extraction samples from Saliva miltiorrhiza decoction all have protective effect on acute myocardial ischemia model mice,and the protective effect of supercritical CO2 extracting+dregs water extracting sample of Salvia Miltiorrhiza decoction is best.

Determination of Solubility and Apparent Oil and Water Partition Coefficient of Saponin H1 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To determine the solubility and apparent oil and water partition coefficient (lg P) of saponin H1,and provide reference for dosage form design and druggability research of saponin. METHODS:HPLC-ELSD was conducted to deter-mine the equilibrium solubility of saponin H1 in different organic solvents and pH buffer solutions;shaking flask was applied to de-termine lg P value of saponin H1. RESULTS:The equilibrium solubility of saponin H1 in water,methanol and ethanol at 25 ℃ was 0.09175 g/L,96.51 g/L and 46.89 g/L,respectively. The solubility increased apparently at high pH within pH range at 7.6-10.0;the lg P value was between 0.695-0.773 in buffers within pH range at 6.0-8.0. CONCLUSIONS:Saponin H1 and the oleanolic acid type saponins belong to low solubility, low transmission components, so it is not suitable for use as a conventional oral formulation is developed.

Repair of palm skin defect using medial plantar flaps with foot-plate cutaneous nerves / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of medial plantar flaps with cutaneous nerves on fixing palm skin defects for patients injured while working.Methods All cases with palm skin defects who received medial plantar flaps grafting from June 2003 to January 2013,were analyzed retrospectively.The data included 13 males and 10 females,with the mean age of 36 years old (range,18-61 years old).There were 16 cases with right hand injury and 7 cases with left,whose skin defects ranged from 3.6 cm×2.8 cm to 7.0 cru×5.5 cm.All cases had skin and soft tissue injury while 5 cases with vascular and nerve injury,3 cases with tendon involvement and being exposed,6 cases with open metacarpal fractures.15 patients were treated with emergency surgery within 8 hours after injury,while 8 patients were treated 10 days after debridement surgery.Results Altogether,23 patients who received medial plantar flaps grafting operations,with palm skin defects,were included in this study.All cases were followed up for 3 to 36 months with a average period of 18 month.The grafted flaps range from 4.6 cm×3.8 cm to 8.0 cm×6.5 cm.Among the patients,19 of them recovered excellently with healing by first intention,with 7-14 d healing time,fully-retained hand functions and palm appearance,and 4-8 mm for between two points distinguish test.Flaps survived fairly well in 3 patients because partial necrosis happened at plantar skin graft donor site.After being debrided and dressed,the wound healed at second phase with a healing time of 12-21 d and 5-9 mm for between two points distinguish test.The operated hands could flex and extend functionally in the follow-up period.Only one patient did not recovered from medial plantar flap grafting and the flap did not survive operationally.The patient recovered after another operation with groin skin grafting later.According to Gu Yudong et al' evaluation criteria,such as improved hand function,19 cases were scored as excellent recovery,3 cases as good,and 1 as poor.The excellent rate was 95.7％ (22/23).Conclusion Medial plantar flaps with cutaneous nerves are ideal flaps for palm skin defects restoration,which characterized by the advantages of fixed anatomical position,high survival rate and being good to the functional recovery and palm appearance.

A New Triterpenoid Saponin from Aidi Injection / 中草药·英文版

ObjectiveTo investigate the chemical constituents from Aidi Injection.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 gel columns and reverse phase semi-preparative HPLC repeatedly.Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis (NMR and MS).ResultsTwenty-two compounds were isolated and identified to be 3-O-3',4'-diacetyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosylcycloastragenol (1),astragaloside IV (2),astragaloside Ⅱ (3),astragaloside I (4),isoastragaloside I (5),acetylastragaloside I (6),ginsenosid Re (7),ginsenoside Rf (8),ginsenoside Rg1 (9),ginsenoside Rb3 (10),notoginsenoside R4 (11),ginsenoside Rb1 (12),ginsenoside Rc (13),ginsenoside Rb2 (14),ginsenoside Rd (15),lucyoside H (16),3-O-ββ-D-glucopyranosyl(l→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(l→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-α-Larabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(l→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (17),3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl [β-D-glucopyranosyl-(l→4)]-(l→2)-αt-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (18),syringin (19),elentheroside E (20),4-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl-I-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (21),and coniferin (22).ConclusionCompounds 1-6 are originated from Astragalus membranceus,compounds 7-18 are originated from Panax ginseng,and compounds 19-22 are originated from Acanthopanax senticosus by LC-MS analysis.Compound 1 is a new compound.

Simultaneous determination of five glycosides in Aidi injection by RP-HPLC-ELSD / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a RP-HPLC-ELSD method for the simultaneous determination of five glycosides in Aidi injection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The separation was carried out at 35 degrees C on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) eluted with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phases in gradient mode. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The SHIMADZU ELSD-LT II detector was used. The detector temperature was at 40 degrees C and the pressure of carrier gas N2 was 0.35 MPa.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linear response (the natural logarithm of peak areas with corresponding mass) ranges were 21.2-212 mg x L(-1) for syringin, 30.8-308 mg x L(-1) for ginsenoside Rg1, 24.8-248 mg x L(-1) for ginsenoside Re, 25.6-256 mg x L(-1) for ginsenoside Rb1, 31.2-312 mg x L(-1), for astragaloside IV, respectively. The average recoveries (n = 9) of five glycosides were greater than 97.6%, and RSD were less than 1.1%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results demonstrated that this method had adequate accuracy and selectivity to measure the concentrations of five glycosides in Aidi injection.</p>

Preparation and pharmacodynamic evaluation of diammonium glycyrrhizinate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare the diammonium glycyrrhizinate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (DG-CS NPs), and evaluate its pharmaceutical properties and pharmacodynamic effects on ulcerative colitis (UC).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>DG-CS NPs were prepared by spray drying method and optimized by orthogonal design. The morphology, size and in vitro release of DG-CS NPs were investigated. The therapeutic effects of DG-CS NPs on UC mice induced by dextran sulfate were evaluated preliminarily through disease active index method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The size of DG-CS NPs with loading capacity about (51.25 +/- 1.75)% was in the range of 300-600 nm. The release of DG-CS NPs was associated with environmental pH value and displayed significant therapeutic and preventive effects on UC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DG-CS NPs prepared by spray drying method showed efficacy on UC mice.</p>

Two new phenolic glycosides from the stems of Clematis parviloba / 药学学报

To study the chemical constituents of the stems of Clematis parviloba, six compounds were isolated from a 95% ethanol extract by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. Two new phenolic glycosides, 2-((E)-3-carboxybut-2-en-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-phenyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 4'-hydroxy-phenol-beta-D-[6-O-(4"-hydroxy-3", 5"-dimethoxy-benzoate)] glucopyranoside (2) were isolated, together with a known phenolic glycoside, 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxy-phenol-beta-D-[6-O-(4"-hydroxy-3", 5"-dimethoxy-benzoate)] glucopyranoside (3) as well as three known megastigmane glycosides, linarionoside A (4), linarionoside C (5), and staphylionoside K (6). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were named as clemaparvilosides A (1) and B (2), respectively, and compounds 3-6 were obtained from Clematis genus for the first time.

Quailty standards for Chinese extractum angelicae liquidum / 中成药

AIM: To establish the quality standards for Chinese extractum angelicae liquidum. METHODS: TLC was used to identify ferulic acid and ligustilide and HPLC to determine the content of ferulic acid and ligustil-ide. HPLC was performed on a Diamonsil ODS-C_(18) analytical column(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elu-tion(0-15 min, 38%A; 15-20 min, 38%A-70%A; 20-40 min, 70%A; 40-45 min, 70%A-38%A) of methanol (A, containing 0.4% glacial acetic) and 0.4% glacial acetic acid(B) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The diode array detection wavelength was set at 323 nm and the column temperature was at 35℃. RESULTS: The linear range of ferulic acid and ligustilide were from 1.008 μg/mL to 10.08 μg/mL and 9.985 μg/mL to 99.85 μg/mL,the average recoveries of both were 98.11% and 101.61%, RSD were 1.58% and 1.32%. CONCLUSION: The method is rapid, simple and accurate with high reproducibility and can be used to control the quality of Chinese extractum angelicae liquidum.

Simultaneous determination of rutin and naringellin-7-O-glucoside in extraction of Lysimachia clethroide Duby by HPLC / 中成药

AIM : To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of rutin and naringenin-7-o-glucoside in Lysimachia clethroide Duby.METHODS: Using Diamonsil C_(18) (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) as analytical column.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% phosphoric acid ( B ) with gradient elution : 0～18rain,83%～80% B; 18～30 min,80%～86% B.The detection wavelength of rutin and naringenin-7-o-glucoside was at 254 nm and 281 nm,respectively.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; Column temperature was at 35 ℃.RESULTS: A better separating effect was obtained with the HPLC gradient elution method.The linear calibration curve of rutin and naringenin-7-o-glucoside were obtained in the concentration range of 1.00～48.00 μg/mL( r =0.999 3 ) and 0.64 ～ 40.72 μg/mL( r = 0.999 8 ),respectively.CONCLUSION : The HPLC method is accurate,simple and can be used to determine the contents of rutin and naringenin-7-o-glucoside in Lysimachia clethroide Duby simultaneously.

Chemical constituents of roots of Boehmeria nivea / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the chemical constituents from roots of Boehmeria nivea.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were isolated by repeated column chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography; and their structures were elucidated by chemical properties and spectroscopic analyses.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seven compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as tormentic acid (1), hederagenin (2), maslinic acid (3), 2alpha-hydroxyursolic acid (4), trans-p-hydroxycinamic acid (5), 2,4,4'-trihydroxychalcone (6), rutin (7).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-6 were obtained from this genus for the first time.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents from leaves of Cassia alata / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To isolate and identify chemical constituents of Cassia alata.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Compounds were separated and purified by column chromatography with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR, IR and MS techniques.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Twelve compounds were isolated from C. alata, which were identified as chrysoeriol (1), kaempferol (2), quercetin (3), 5,7,4'-trihydroflavanone (4), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), 17-hydrotetratriacontane (7), n-dotriacontanol (8), n-triacontanol (9), palmitic acid ceryl ester (10), stearic acid (11), palmitic acid (12).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 3-12 were isolated from C. alata for the first time.</p>

Simultaneous Determination of the Contents of Costunolide and Dehydrocostuslactone in Xuedan Weichang Pill by RP-HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish an RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the contents of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone in Xuedan weichang pill. METHODS:The determination was performed on Shim-pack VP-ODS column(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with methanol-water(60∶40) as mobile phase and the detection wavelength was set at 225 nm.RESULTS:The linear ranges of costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone were 13.6～272.0 ?g?mL-1 and 11.25～225.0 ?g?mL-1,respectively,and their average recoveries were 99.47% and 99.62%,respectively with RSD of 1.75%(n=6) and 1.14%(n=6),respectively. CONCLUSION:The method established is simple,feasible,accurate and reliable,and it is applicable for the quality control of Xuedan weichang pill.

A new glycoside from Alpinia officinarum / 药学学报

Aim To investigate the glycosidic constituents in the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum Hance. Methods The isolation and purification of glycosides were done with column chromatography on macro porous resin, polyamides and Sephadex LH-20, whilst the structure elucidation was done by HRCI-MS and NMR (1D and 2D ) methods. Results A glycosidic ester identified as 4'-hydroxy-2'-methoxyphenol-β-D-{ 6-O-[ 4"-hydroxy-3", 5"-dimethoxy ( benzoate ) ] }-glucopyranoside ( I), along with a known compound n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside (II) , were isolated and characterized. Conclusion Ⅰ was found to be a new compound, named as alpinoside A, whilst Ⅱ was isolated from the genus Alpinia for the first time.